(224) Enhancing Metacognition and Study Habits During the First Semester of Pharmacy School with Longitudinal Self-Reflection

Objective : To evaluate a self-reflection exercise for developing metacognition among first-year pharmacy students, focusing primarily on time management and study habits.

Methods: All first-year students (n=104) enrolled in the Doctor of Pharmacy program completed a longitudinal self-reflection exercise during a required course during the first semester. Students completed two self-reflection survey tools within the first and last week of the Fall 2023 semester. The survey utilized Likert-type, multiple-choice, and free-text questions to assess student time management practices and study habits. Students ranked 16 study behaviors and resources based on the frequency of use and effectiveness. Changes in study habits were measured using multiple-choice questions to assess time spent studying and preparation practices. Descriptive statistics were performed for quantitative data analysis.

Results: All students (n=104; response rate = 100%) completed both assessments. A 17.5% increase from baseline was noted in agreement with the statement “I consistently dedicated time daily to studying and completing assignments” by 76.1% of students (n=80). More students reported started studying 3-7 days before an exam (55.7%, n=58) compared to the pre-assessment (18.3%, n=19). A 10.6% increase was noted in those reporting spending over 12 hours (n=34) compared to before (n=23).

Conclusions: Compared to their pre-pharmacy coursework, an increase was noted in the students’ reported self-regulation strategies, particularly in their study habits and time dedicated toward exam preparation. Future research is needed to explore these items' relationship with academic performance and student success.